@GeorgieV@The-Engineer-That-Brews , thanks for the explanation. It's really helpful. My background is in mechanical, so I normally steer clear of any electronics but in this case I'm not sure what would be a safe alternative.
I have a 3kW tea urn which boils way too vigorously. An SSR with the appropriate heat sink will probably do the job but it needs a rather complex (for my skill set) control circuit. I guess a could use an SSR with resistance control but I couldn't source one. What else can I use?
@Bill_g, appreciate your point, a good airflow is a must.
Before going to all that bother of electronics, take the plastic /metal cover off the bottom and take a look at your elements.
I have a 2.5kw urn and when I bypassed the faulty over temp cut off I noticed it has two bonded elements to the base. A 1kw and a 1.5kw element wired in series.
My plan is to simple wire in a rocker/cam switch that means I can use it full power or flick the switch one way and isolate the 1kw element to achieve a more sensible boil.
20amp 4kw cam switches can be had for a tenner like this one.